Efektifitas Mikroregionalisasi dan Inovasi Model Paradiplomasi terhadap Strategi Internasionalisasi Pariwisata Bintan

Adiyia, B., Stoffelen, A., Jennes, B., Vanneste, D., & Ahebwa, W. M. (2015). Analysing governance in tourism value chains to reshape the tourist bubble in developing countries: the case of cultural tourism in Uganda. Journal of Ecotourism, 113–129. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14724049.2015.1027211

Adryamarthanino, V. (2022, February 21). UNCI: Latar Belakang, Tugas, Anggota, dan Hasil Kerja. Kompas.Com. Retrieved from https://www.kompas.com/stori/read/2022/02/21/160000379/unci-latar-belakang-tugas-anggota-dan-hasil-kerja?page=all

Aguirrea, I. (1999). Making Sense of Paradiplomacy? An Intertextual Enquiry about a Concept in Search of a Definition INAKI AGUIRRE. In F. Aldecoa & M. Keating (Eds.), PARADIPLOMACY IN ACTION The Foreign Relations of Subnational Governments. Routledge. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1080/13597569908421078

Ahmad, M. (1992). Economic Cooperation in SIJORI Growth Triangle: An Indonesian. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Indonesia, 40 (4). Retrieved from https://www.lpem.org/repec/lpe/efijnl/199217.pdf

Ahmad, T. A. (2016). Kampanye dan Pertarungan Politik di Jawa Tengah Menjelang Pemilihan Umum 1955. Paramita Historical Studies Journal, 26 (1), 45–61. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v26i1.5163

Albintani, M., & Marta, A. (2020). PROVINSI “ISTIMEWA MELAYU KEPULAUAN RIAU.” NAKHODA: JURNAL ILMU PEMERINTAHAN, 19 (1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35967/jipn

Aldecoa, F. (1999). Towards Plurinational Diplomacy in the Deeper and Wider European Union (1985-2005). In F. Aldecoa & M. Keating (Eds.), PARADIPLOMACY IN ACTION The Foreign Relations of Subnational Governments. Routledge.

Ali Yusri. (2006). Sejarah dan Pembangunan di Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Industri Dan Perkotaan, 10 (17). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jip.10.17.%25p

Ananda, S. B. (2018). Terminal Ferry Bandar Bentan Telani. JEMBER.

André Lecours. (2008). Political Issues of Paradiplomacy: Lessons from the Developed World. Netherland: Netherlands Institute of International Relations.

Anna Farmaki. (2015). Regional network governance and sustainable tourism. Tourism Geographies, 17 (3), 385–407. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2015.1036915

Antara. (2021, July 23). Kepulauan Riau Usul Travel Bubble Pariwisata untuk “Sijori.” Https://Travel.Okezone.Com/. Retrieved from https://travel.okezone.com/read/2021/07/22/406/2444513/kepulauan-riau-usul-travel-bubble-pariwisata-untuk-sijori

Anukoonwattaka, W. (2016). Global Value Chains and Competitiveness of the Integrated Regions: Exchange Rate Issues. In B. Jetin & M. Mikic (Eds.), ASEAN Economic Community A Model for Asia-wide Regional Integration? (pp. 127–152). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137535085

Athukorala, P. (2016). Southeast Asian Countries in Global Production Networks. In B. Jetin & M. Mikic (Eds.), ASEAN Economic Community A Model for Asia-wide Regional Integration? (pp. 79–100). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137535085

Azzahra, D. F., & Rani, F. (2015). KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH INDONESIA DALAM MENGATASI HAMBATAN FREE TRADE ZONE DI BATAM (STUDI KASUS : HUTAN LINDUNG). Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 2 (2). Retrieved from https://jnse.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFSIP/article/view/7586/0

Badan Pengusahaan Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas dan Pelabuhan Bebas Batam. (2015). Development Progress of Batam 2013 (II ed., Vol. XXIV). Batam: Badan Pengusahaan Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas dan Pelabuhan Bebas Batam.

Berenschot, W., & Klinken, G. van. (2018). Informality and citizenship: The everyday state in Indonesia. Citizenship Studies, 22 (2), 95–111. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2018.1445494

Bintan, B. K. (2022). Publikasi Kecamatan Kabupaten Bintan Dalam Angka 2022. Bintan. Retrieved from https://bintankab.bps.go.id/publication.html?Publikasi%5BtahunJudul%5D=2022&Publikasi%5BkataKunci%5D=kecamatan&Publikasi%5BcekJudul%5D=0&yt0=Tampilkan

Bintan, D. K. (2015). Dokumen Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah (RIPPDA) Kabupaten Bintan. Bintan.

Bintan Free Zone Authority. (2011). Bintan Free Zone Authority. Bintan.

Bintan, P. D. K. (2022). Sejarah Kabupaten Bintan. Retrieved from bintankab.go.id website: https://bintankab.go.id/sejarah

Bisnis.com. (2018). DITJEN PAJAK & DITJEN BEA CUKAI TERAPKAN FTA DI KAWASAN BEBAS BATAM, BINTAN, KARIMUN, DAN SABANG. Retrieved from https://beacukai.bisnis.com/ website: https://beacukai.bisnis.com/read/20180405/468/780430/ditjen-pajak-ditjen-bea-cukai-terapkan-fta-di-kawasan-bebas-batam-bintan-karimun-dan-sabang-

Björn Hettne. (2003). The New Regionalism Revisited. In F. Söderbaum & T. M. Shaw (Eds.), Theories of New Regionalism (First, pp. 22–42). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403938794

Borsuk, R., & Nancy Chng. (2016). Liem Sioe Liong’s Salim Group: The Business Pillar of Soeharto’s Indonesia. In ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore (4th ed.). Singapore: SEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore.

BPS BINTAN. (2019). Kabupaten Bintan Dalam Angka 2019. Bintan. Retrieved from https://bintankab.bps.go.id/publication/download.html?nrbvfeve=YjUxZTE5ZGFiZTM5YzMwY2QxN2MzMTFk&xzmn=aHR0cHM6Ly9iaW50YW5rYWIuYnBzLmdvLmlkL3B1YmxpY2F0aW9uLzIwMTkvMDgvMTYvYjUxZTE5ZGFiZTM5YzMwY2QxN2MzMTFkL2thYnVwYXRlbi1iaW50YW4tZGFsYW0tYW5na2EtMjAxOS5odG1s&t

Breslin, Shaun and D, G. (2002). Microregional Integration: Towards New Frameworks of Analyses. In G. Breslin, Shaun and D (Ed.), Microregionalism and World Order (First). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781403940155_10

Breslin, S., & Hook, G. D. (2002). Microregionalism and World Order: Concepts, Approaches and Implications. In S. Breslin & G. D. Hook (Eds.), Microregionalism and World Order (First, pp. 1–22). New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403940155_1

Bunnell, T., Muzaini, H., & Sidaway, J. D. (2011). Global City Frontiers: Singapore’s Hinterland and the Contested Geographies of Bintan, Indonesia. In The Routledge Research Companion to Border Studies (1st ed., p. 24). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315612782

Cakrawala, P. B. R. (2022). BRC. Retrieved November 7, 2022, from PT. Bintan Resort Cakrawala website: https://bintanresortcakrawala.com/about-bintan-resort-cakrawala/

Chang, T. C. (2001). Configuring New Tourism Space’: Exploring Singapore’s Regional Tourism Forays. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 33 (9), 1597–1619. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1068/a33197

Coe, N. M., & Yeung, H. W. (2015). Global Production Networks Theorizing Economic Development in an Interconnected World (First). New York: Oxford University Press.

Cole, S., Wardana, A., & Dharmiasih, W. (2021). Making an impact on Bali’s water crisis: Research to mobilize NGOs, the tourism industry and policy makers. Annals of Tourism Research, 87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.103119

Dedi Arman. (2022). Sejarah Penanaman Padi di Kepri Abad 19. Retrieved from BPNB Provinsi Kepulauan Riau website: https://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/bpnbkepri/sejarah-penanaman-padi-di-kepri-abad-19-dan-awal-abad-20/

Diskominfo Bintan. (2022). Rakor Kominfo Bintan dan Kepri Bahas Perbaikan Blankspot Sinyal SelulerJalan Lintas Barat. Retrieved from Tim IT Diskominfo Kabupaten Bintan website: https://diskominfo.bintankab.go.id/read/Rakor+Kominfo+Bintan+dan+Kepri+Bahas+Perbaikan+Blankspot++Sinyal+SelulerJalan+Lintas+Barat.phtml

DPRD Riau. (2022). Sejarah Pembentukan DPRD Gotong Royong. Retrieved from DPRD Riau website: https://dprd.riau.go.id/sejarah/

Duchacek, I. D. (2001). Perforated Sovereignties: Towards a Typology of New r Actors in International Relations. In H. J. Michelmann & P. Soldatos (Eds.), FEDERALISM AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (pp. 1–30). New York: Oxford University Press.

Falk, R. (2003). Regionalism and World Order: The Changing Global Setting. In F. Söderbaum & T. M. Shaw (Eds.), Theories of New Regionalism A Palgrave Reader. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/DOI 10.1057/9781403938794

Fardhiyanti, G., & Wee, V. (2022). Enhancing Social Integration through Intra-ASEAN Travel. Journal of ASEAN Studies, 10 (1). https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.21512/jas.v10i1.6929

Ford, M., & Lyons, L. (2006). The borders within: Mobility and enclosure in the Riau Islands. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 47 (2), 257–271. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8373.2006.00312.x

Grundy-Warr, C., Peachey, K., & Perry, M. (1999). Fragmented Integration in the Singapore-Indonesian Border Zone: Southeast Asia’s ‘Growth Triangle’ Against the Global Economy. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 23 (2), 304–328. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.00197

H. Azirwan. (2006). Dampak Pembangunan Industri dan Pariwisata Terhadap Peminggiran Penduduk Tempatan Kasus Pulau Bintan. Jurnal Industri Dan Perkotaan.

Hall, C. M. (2012). Policy learning and policy failure in sustainable tourism governance: from first- and second-order to third-order change? In Tourism Governance (1st ed., p. 24). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203721025

Hanani, B. (2022, January 28). Empat Pulau di Kabupaten Bintan Tak Ada Akses Internet. Https://Ulasan.Co/. Retrieved from https://ulasan.co/empat-pulau-di-kabupaten-bintan-tak-ada-akses-internet/

Handayani, R. (2021, November 29). Kemenparekraf Fokus Pemulihan dan Diversifikasi Parekraf. Https://Www.Pajak.Com/. Retrieved from https://www.pajak.com/ekonomi/kemenparekraf-fokus-pemulihan-dan-diversifikasi-di-2022/

Héritier, A. (2008). Causal explanation. In D. Porta Della & M. Keating (Eds.), Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences A Pluralist Perspective. Cambridge University Press.

Idris, M., Zaitun, Samin, R., & Saridewi, M. (2019). Tamadun dan Tunjuk Ajar Melayu Dalam Perspektif Budaya Melayu (3rd ed.). Bintan: UMRAH Press.

Ivo D. Duchacek, H. D. (1986). The Territorial Dimension of Politics Within, Among and Across Nations. Westview Press.

Jatmika, A. (2021, April 7). Bangun Wisata dari Perbatasan, Ini 8 Destinasi Cross Border Tourism Unggulan Indonesia. Parekraf Powered by Kompas.Com. Retrieved from https://parekraf.kompas.com/read/2021/04/07/170500727/bangun-wisata-dari-perbatasan-ini-8-destinasi-cross-border-tourism-unggulan

Karim, M. F. (2021). Role Legitimation in Foreign Policy: The Case of Indonesia as an Emerging Power under Yudhoyono’s Presidency (2004–2014). Foreign Policy Analysis, 17 (3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orab010

Keating, M. (1999). Regions and International Affairs: Motives, Opportunities and Strategies. In A. Francisco & M. Keating (Eds.), PARADIPLOMACY IN ACTION The Foreign Relations of Subnational Governments. Routledge.

Kossa, M., Lomaeva, M., & Saunavaara, J. (2020). East Asian subnational government involvement in the Arctic: a case for paradiplomacy? The Pacific Review, 34 (4), 664–695. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2020.1729843

Krapohl, S. (2017). Cases of Regional Cooperation and Defection in Developing Regions “ASEAN.” In S. Krapohl (Ed.), Regional Integration in the Global South External Influence on Economic Cooperation in ASEAN, MERCOSUR and SADC. Palgrave Macmillan.

Kristianus, A. (2022, September 9). Pemerintah Tawarkan Peluang Investasi di 5 Destinasi Pariwisata Super Prioritas. Investor.Id. Retrieved from https://investor.id/infrastructure/306229/pemerintah-tawarkan-peluang-investasi-di-5-destinasi-pariwisata-super-prioritas

Kunio, Y. (1990). Kapitalisme Semu Asia Tenggara (2nd ed.). Jakarta: Lembaga Penelitian, Pendidikan dan Penerangan Ekonomi dan Sosial (LP3ES).

Kuznetzov, A. (2014). Theory and Practice of Paradiplomacy: Subnational Governments in International Affairs (First). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315817088

Marina, H. (2014). Ekonomi Politik Pariwisata Kawasan Wisata Lagoi Kabupaten. UMRAH. Retrieved from http://jurnal.umrah.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/gravity_forms/1-ec61c9cb232a03a96d0947c6478e525e/2014/08/E-jurna-ekonomi-politik-kawasan-wisata-lagoi-kabupaten-bintan-Herni-Marina-100565201152.pdf

Metasport. (2022). Metasport Event. Retrieved from Metasport Web Page website: https://www.metasport.com/events/

Mistry, P. S. (2003). New Regionalism and Economic Development. In F. Söderbaum & T. M. Shaw (Eds.), Theories of New Regionalism A Palgrave Reader (First, p. 117). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/DOI 10.1057/9781403938794

Mursitama, T. N. (2015). Mikro Regionalisasi Dan Mikro Regionalisme: Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas Batam Bagi Perwujudan Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (2007-2014). Padjadjaran Bandung, Indonesia.

Muzwardi, A. (2020). “Sistem pengelolaan pariwisata perbatasan: Studi manajemen pariwisata Kepulauan Riau” dalam Amandus Jong Tallo, dkk (2020) “Membangun Peradaban Berbasis Pariwisata”. (1st ed.). Jakarta: PT. Nasya Expanding Management (Penerbit NEM).

Muzwardi, A., & Negara, S. D. (2021). Tourism in Riau Islands Province (1st ed.; F. E. Hutchinson & S. D. Negara, Eds.). Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Ic1EEAAAQBAJ&dq=Ady+Muzwardi+dan+Siwage+Dharma+Negara%09Tourism+in+Riau+Islands+Province%092021%09ISEAS-Yusof+Ishak+Institute&lr=&source=gbs_navlinks_s

Nadalutti, E. (2015). The rise of trans-border regions in Southeast Asia: behind the dynamics of informal and formal integration processes in the ‘Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore’ growth triangle. The Pacific Review, 28 (4), 607–630. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2015.1012536

Nizmi, Y. E. (2015). Sub-Regional Economic cooperation: Indonesia- Malaysia-Singapore Growth Triangle (IMS-GT) in Indonesia Perspective. Padjadjaran Bandung, Indonesia.

Nurdin, A. (2021, April 12). BI dan Pemda Kepulauan Riau Dorong Penerapan Digitalisasi di Sektor Pariwisata. Https://Www.Liputan6.Com/. Retrieved from https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/4530004/bi-dan-pemda-kepulauan-riau-dorong-penerapan-digitalisasi-di-sektor-pariwisata

Oktaranda, J. (2018). Dampak Industri Pariwisata Lagoi Bertaraf Internsional Yang Dikelola oleh PT. BRC Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Bintan Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Bidang Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau, 5 (1). Retrieved from https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFSIP/article/download/21261/20571

Paasi, A., & Zimmerbauer, K. (2015). Penumbral borders and planning paradoxes: Relational thinking and the question of borders in spatial planning. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 48 (1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X15594805

Panama, N. (2020, February 8). Dampak Virus Corona, kunjungan wisman ke Kepri turun. Antaranews.Com. Retrieved from https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1284758/dampak-virus-corona-kunjungan-wisman-ke-kepri-turun

Pizzorno, A. (2008). Rationality and Recognition. In D. Porta Della & M. Keating (Eds.), Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences A Pluralist Perspective. Cambridge University Press.

Prado, C. de. (2007). Global multi-level governance: European and East Asian leadership. United Nations University Press.

Puspita, G. I. (2016). PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE BATAM BINTAN KARIMUN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN INDUSTRI PARIWISATA DI KABUPATEN BINTAN PADA TAHUN 2012-2014. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa UNRI, 3 (1). Retrieved from https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFSIP/article/view/9400/0

Rahadiansyah, C. (2021, May). Kenapa Bintan Lebih Terkenal Di Luar Negeri Dan Bagaimana Pandemi Mengubahnya. DestinAsian. Retrieved from https://destinasian.co.id/kenapa-bintan-lebih-terkenal-di-luar-negeri-dan-bagaimana-pandemi-mengubahnya/

Reader, A. P., Söderbaum, F., Shaw, T. M., & Abrahamsson, H. (2003). The New Regionalism Revisited. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9781403938794?noAccess=true

republika. (2014, June 5). Sijori Kemanusiaan. Republika.Co.Id. Retrieved from https://republika.co.id/berita/koran/teraju/14/06/05/n6om0612-sijori-kemanusiaan

Riau, B. K. B. dan P. P. (2016). Sejarah Terbentuknya Provinsi Riau. Retrieved from Kesbangpol Riau website: https://kesbangpol.riau.go.id/media.php?p=detail_artikel&id=223

Rozie, F. (2021, February 16). 15 Februari 1958: Berdirinya PRRI, Gerakan Pemberontakan Menuntut Otonomi Daerah. Liputan6.Com. Retrieved from https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/4482145/15-februari-1958-berdirinya-prri-gerakan-pemberontakan-menuntut-otonomi-daerah

Sahalessy, J. (2015). Telaah Konstitusional Pengaturan Impeachment Presiden Dan Wakil Presiden Dalam Mewujudkan Demokrasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pattimura Ambon, 21 (1). Retrieved from https://fhukum.unpatti.ac.id/jurnal/sasi/article/view/312/139

Singh, M. (2020). Economic Developments in the Sub-regional Growth Zones in ASEAN: A Case Study of SIJORI-Growth Triangle. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 7 (5), 88–97. https://doi.org/10.14445/23942703/IJHSS-V7I5P111

SINJORI. (n.d.). SINJORI. Retrieved from SINJORI website: http://www.sinjori.com/waterfront/bintan/bintan.html

Situmorang, R., Trilaksono, T., & Japutra, A. (2019). Friend or Foe? The complex relationship between indigenous people and policymakers regarding rural tourism in Indonesia. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 39, 20–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.02.001

Sodupe, K. (1999). The European Union and Inter-regional Co-operation (A. Francisco & M. Keating, Eds.). Routledge.

Sparke, M., Sidaway, J. D., Bunnell, T., & Grundy-Warr, C. (2004). Triangulating the borderless world: geographies of power in the Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore Growth Triangle. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 29 (4), 485–498. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0020-2754.2004.00143.x

Sri Sutjianing, & Winoto, G. (1999). Kepulauan Riau Pada Masa Dollar (1st ed.). Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI.

Stoffelen, A., Ioannides, D., & Vanneste, D. (2017). Obstacles to achieving cross-border tourism governance: A multi-scalar approach focusing on the German-Czech borderlands. Annals of Tourism Research, 64 (Obstacles to achieving cross-border tourism governance: A multi-scalar approach focusing on the German-Czech borderlands), 126–138. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.03.003

Suarasiber. (2019). Leading Sector, Pariwisata Sumber PAD Terbesar Kabupaten. Retrieved from suarasiber website: https://suarasiber.com/2019/06/leading-sector-pariwisata-sumber-pad-terbesar-kabupaten-bintan/

Supartoyo, Y. H. (2022). Arah Kebijakan dan Strategi Pemulihan Ekonomi dan Reformasi Struktural Sektor Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif. Seminar Nasional Sosial, Humaniora Dan Tekhnologi 2022, 976–983. onlone: Senashtek. Retrieved from https://journals.stimsukmamedan.ac.id/index.php/senashtek/article/view/369

Sutamat Arybowo. (2009). Kebijakan Pembangunan “Sijori” Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kebudayaan. Jurnal Masyarakat Dan Budaya, 11 (1). https://doi.org/10.14203/jmb.v11i1.235

Suwadha, D. (2018, April 10). Sektor Pariwisata Terbesar Sumbang Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Bintan. WartaKepri. Retrieved from https://wartakepri.co.id/2018/04/10/sektor-pariwisata-terbesar-sumbang-pendapatan-asli-daerah-kabupaten-bintan/

Swastiwi, A. W. (2012). Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Melayu Kepulauan Riau Terhadap Keseniannya. Jurnal Sosiologi Andalas, 12 (1). Retrieved from http://jurnalsosiologi.fisip.unand.ac.id/index.php/JSA/issue/view/3

Swastiwi, A. W. (2019). Menelusuri Jejak Etnis Tionghoa di Tanjungpinang. Retrieved from BPNB Provinsi Kepulauan Riau website: https://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/bpnbkepri/menelusuri-jejak-etnis-tionghoa-di-tanjungpinang/

Tatenhove, J. van, Mak, J., & Liefferink, D. (2007). The inter-play between formal and informal practices. Perspectives on European Politics and Society, 8–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15705850600839470

Tavares, R. (2016). PARADIPLOMACY Cities and States as Global Players. New York: Oxford University Press.

Tidwell, A. (2020). Strategic competition and the evolving role of Indo-Pacific paradiplomacy. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 75 (1), 103–119. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10357718.2020.1831437

Untung. (2017, March 6). Berkah Suksesnya Tour de Bintan 2017. Infopublik. Retrieved from https://infopublik.id/kategori/nasional-ekonomi-bisnis/191681/berkah-suksesnya-tour-de-bintan-2017

Urry, J. (1999). Sociology Beyond Societies Mobilities for the Twenty-First Century (1st ed.). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203021613

Varró, K. (2016). Recognising the Emerging Transnational Spaces and Subjectivities of Cross-border Cooperation: Towards a Research Agenda. Geopolitics, 21 (1), 171–194. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2015.1094462

Venture, G. (2022). Who We Are. Retrieved from Gallant Venture website: http://www.gallantventure.com/wbn/slot/u307/gallantventure.com.sg/www/who.htm

Wati, D., Samry, W., & Nopriyasman. (2020). Riau Pasca Keluar dari Sumatera Tengah, 1957-1985. NUSANTARA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 7 (1). https://doi.org/10.31604/jips.v7i1.2020.31-51

Weidenfeld, A. (2013). Tourism and Cross Border Regional Innovation Systems. Annals of Tourism Research, 42, 191–213. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.01.003

Weiss, M. (2021). Varieties of Privatization: Informal Networks, Trust and State Control of the Commanding Heights. Review of International Political Economy, 28 (3), 662–689. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2020.1726791

Wilaela. (2014). Pendidikan Perempuan di Riau Era Kemerdekaan (1st ed.). Riau: Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.

Winter, T. (2007). Rethinking tourism in asia. Annals of Tourism Research, 34 (1), 27–44. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2006.06.004

Yani, Y. M., & Nizmi, Y. E. (2018). Penerapan Konsep Cross Border Regions (CBRs) Dalam Kerjasama Ekonomi Sub-regional Indonesia-Malaysia-Singapura Growth Triangle (IMS-GT). Insignia Journal of International Relation, 5 (1), 31–45. Retrieved from http://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/insignia/article/download/819/738

Yuan, L. T. (1992). Growth Triangles in ASEAN. Honolulu. Retrieved from https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/943c2f54-6bb3-4c9f-8dbc-9f1252c538ea/content